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TS. NGUV£N VAN HIEN
AUTOCAD
CHO TU OONG HOA THIET KE
• •
kY thu(lt
Sach dung c M s inh vien cac trllilng
( Tai bdn ldn flut hai)
AUTODESK ..
NHA XUAT BAN G lAo Dl,IC
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N gay n ay khoa h9C k j thutjt p hat t riln rat nhanh chong, doi hoi m6i thanh vien
t rang x ii h~i p hdi thudng x uyin n jp nht)t k iin thuc mCri, c6ng ngh? mCri. T in h9C dang
dUf1c ung dlfng r~ng riii va co hi~u qud cao trong c ae linh v¥c cua dlii s6ng, trong
khoa h qe k j thutjt va quan [y, kinh doanh.
T rang vi~c tl! dqng hoa thiet_ k e'va d ilu khie"n san xuat, -tin h qc cung dang dU{1c
ling dlfng nhie'u. Phon m bn A utoCAD cua hang A utodesk dang dU{1c sri dlfng ngay
cang r~ng r{ii, diJc bi~t trong t hilt k l cac ban vi' k iln true, xdy d1fng, v e c a khi, di~n
tu, hdng kh6ng, b dn dd, s a d 6 v.v ...
6 Vi4t N am nhie'u lfnh VIfC san xmit, khoa hqc ky thUtjt va doi sling dang doi hoi
cac k y thutjt vien sri dl!ng ttIt p hon me'm A utoCAD trong cong vi?c cua minh.
CU6'n sach nay t{lO dieu ki~n c ho b{ln dflc khai thac A utoCAD mt)t each d e dang,
co phucmg phap. No dUf/e duc k it III nhilng niim giang dflY c ho sinh vien cac truang ky
thutjt va cae c a quan t hilt ke~ T iii li¢u L·O 3 phon:
- Phon mt)t: tll chucmg 1 den chuang 8 , trinh b ay cach ltjp ban vi' phJng (2D);
- {'han h ai: t ll chuang 9 den chucmg 12, trinh b ay cach t{lO ban v i'm6 hlnh kh6ng
gian (3D); e ach xudt m~t ban v i'ma hl'nh sang p hdn m em khac va ra giay; ngoai ra
h uimg dan blJn dflC each tflo h inh anh dqng.
- Phon ba: h uimg dan thlfC h anh cac bai ttjp t6ng hqp d l b{ln dqe tlf h qc m~t each
d e dang.
Cuan sach nay n hu m~t giao t rinh rna Cae b{ln t 6 t hl dung d l II! h'lc va tham khao
ling dl:'ng r at thutjn / ¢ trong t hiet k l cae /Jan ve.
T uy nhien d o trinh dq co hlJn, sach edn co thie" 501. m ong b{ln d qc dong gop y
kUn. T hu gop y x in g w v e dia c hi: N hd ':coo, ban d iao dlf.c· - 81 T ran HUng D{lO - HiJ
N ri. HOfle t heo di?n tho{li cua tac gid : 8693418.
T ACGIA
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CHUONG J
? -' . ...
M O D AU VE A UTOCAD
1.1. G IOI T HI¢U A UTOCAD
T rang th~p ky 90, vi¢c khai t hac di~n tmio ia van d~ h ang driu d~ n ang c ao n ang sufit,
.hi~u qu{'\ cang vi¢c (1 c;ic dan V! k inh te, ky thu~t. M ¢t trang n hung l"inh VL!C (juan tn;mg e ua
T in h9c Ii! ky thu(11 do hQ
- vt!-c ley thu~t va trong silO xuilt. No thvc s v t hay d6i v~ chilt trong cOng t ac thii!t ki!, gia cOng
va m ang l~i nang sua"t lao d¢ng c ao h
- • D ill d Ing
A CADI2 can may co 6 and Split UnregisteredcVersiont6ihttp://www.simpopdf.com
Simpo PDF Merge cling. Vai ACADI2 nha, nhtmg
thea y~u cilu phai la 50MB. Ngoai ra vi~c xit 15' thea ch€ dQ b " n ha ao (Virtual ',Memory)
cho n~n doi hoi dung h.tQ'Og dia tr6ng cang nhi~u cang t6t.
• 6 tfia mem: d n co 6 dia mem m~t dQ cao.
• T hilt b! vao: chUQt (mouse) ho~c b!lO di~n tit (Tablet).
* H~ dieu hanh: h~ dieu hanh PC_DOS, M SJ)OS (Version 3.3 ho~c mai hem).
• T hill bi x uat ban vi'ra: co t hi dung may ve (Plotter) ho~ may iu (Printer).
1.2.3. G iao di~n A utoCAD
a. KhOi diing AU/DeAD
co 2 cach d6 khiri d~ng AutoCAD :
1- Khffi dQng bang file a cad.exe: Gia sit AutoCAD duqc cai d~t vao 6 ctffig C: vai t~n
thu m\lc la ACAD, b~n hay go tu ban phim 4i dau nhac cua D OS:
C :\> CD ACAD ' ,J
C :\ ACAD > a cad,J
2- KhiJi dOng bang file b61~nh (Batch file) c6 duOi .BAT; VI d~ . el2.b.t; b~n chi vi~c
go t~n " ac12" t~i defu nhAc h¢ th6ng:
C :\> a cll ,J
y: Khi b
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utllitles l oaded
Hlnh I -I: MrmhlnhACADl2.
CUsor menu button 6 - Pull-Down M enu
Pick bullon Enter button U I thl!e dcm trilj x u6ng va c ae hl)p tho
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Donut
Ellipse
Polygon
Rectangle
Insert ...
3D Surfaces
Hatch ...
Text
Dimensions
H lnh 1·3: Pull-Down Menu ellll A CADI2.
B
- • Ctfc c6ch~""h~ 41lm
+ SO ~Ao'-tQa dQ tuy~t d6i ella d iem
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+ GO vllQ tQa dQ hrrmg d6i ella diem
+ DUng -phim chul)t, tablet chi d iem
+ DUng p him di c huyen tr~n b~m phim
+ Diing Object snap (bilt d6i tuqng) d~ neo con tro vai d6i tuqng dii ve. D uai day trlnh
b ay c ae e ach c ho d iem hang ta d ¢ t huang dung trong thi¢'t k€:
• T(}a dl) tuy~t d61
Ta d ¢ tuy~t d6i til tr~ 56 thl!c ella c ae ta d¢ x,Y,z so ~Oi g ae o. B~n c o the b b qua tq
s 6 z, hie c1y A utoCAD them van gia tri z bang tQa d ¢ hi¢n t hai
V i d~ : 3, 12.5 (x=3, y=12,5)
• T(}a dt) t uong d(j'i
De
TQa d ¢ w ang d 6i Hl tQa d ¢ so vOi d iem d ii c hi d !nh truuc do. c ho tQa d ¢ tlIang d 6i
b~n phai t hem dau @ (At-sign) phfa tnlOc tQa d¢:
@X2,Y-2 s o v ai d iem trl16c d o ( Xl,Yl) l am goc.
V i d1,l: 0 10 P2: @S.S, -to, n~u diem c hi d~nh tnIac d ola Pl(lOO, 50), lhi tQa dQ l uang
d6i d o l lIang dUo'I1g v ai tQa d ¢ tuy~t d 6i l a (105.5, 40).
• TiJa dt) clfC t uang dOl
TQa d ¢ C,!C dlIqc c ho biing ban k inh p va g 6c quay
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a
H ¢ n ay d o b,!-n tl! t'!-o va co the d~t bal ky vj 11'1 n ao b
- L ENHNEW
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U ;nh N EW d e bar dAu ban ve
maio Sall khi gQi I¢nh n ~\y mQl hQp
tho
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Secimal degrees 45.0000
2. Degree/Minutes/Seconds 45 d O' 0 "
3. Grad 50.0000 g
4. Radiant 0.7854 r
5. Surveyor's units ( dan vi ban dO) N 45d 0 ' 0 " E
E nter choice, I to 5< ... >: 2
T heo T CVN b
- Sa1,l k hi cho d iem g 6c trlii d uai, A CAD n hac b gi6i h'.l-n ve ra m an hlnh, dung I¢nh Z OOM h!a 'chqn ALL.
4 - Ve k hung b an ve, k hung ten, dung l~nh L INE ho~c P LINE ( xem c huong 2, t iet 2 -2
va tiet 2-3).
5- D~t c ac thOng s6 k hac:
* D~t lucri ve, d ung l¢nh S NAP va G RID (chuong 2, tiet 2-12) .
• T ao l ap c ho b an ve, d ung l¢nh L AYER (xem c huong 6, t iet 6 -2).
* T'.lo k ieu ghi kich t huac vai cac bien kich thuGC b'.ln chqn, d ung l¢nh D im VA R.
f ).
* Tl!lo c ae kieu viet chil, dung l¢nh STYLE (xem c huoog 5, tiet ·5-
6 - ott gill h an vo khiJi thuy (PD), d ung l¢nh SAVE AS.
l~p
G hi e hu: c ae b!,ln mm h9C AutoCAD ehi d n bim vi! khOi thuy theo cac buUc 1, 2, 3, 4, 6.
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C HUONG 2
-
- .,
,
C AC L I;NH V E C O B AN
2.1. P OINT: YO di.!m
* e ach gQi I~nh POINT til Menu:
. -----------------,
Screen M enu> D RAW> Point
M enu Bar > O RAW > Point
* Go l¢nh tu b~m phfm:
C ommand: p oint
< eha tQa dQ ella diem>
Point
cae
A CAD12 dtmg bien POMODE xac djnh
P oint Style _ _
d~ng diem khac n hau va b ien PDSlZE xac djnh
k fch thucrc di O RA W > L ine
M enu B ar > D RAW > L ine
-$- f.2l
D ['J
D
* G o l ¢nh Ilr ban phfm:
Command: line
I"
Point ,S.ize: 15_0000
F rom point:
® S et Size B elative to S creen
To p oint:
o Set Size in Absolute Units
To p oint:
I Cancel I
B i)1l g 6 U neu muon bo do~n th&ng vua ve; g 5 OK 1 t ldp ... I
C de d ong kin ducrng gap khuc.
V i d~: hloh 2-2.
l~l1h
Hlnh 2-1: H9P Ihm_li ella POINT trong
C ommand: line
A CADI2.
F rom point: 100,120
P2
@ 40
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• e ach g qi l~nh P LINE til Menu;
r-----------------~
Screen M enu> D RAW> P line
M enu Bar > D RAW > Pline
• Go l~nh t il blm p him; •
Command: pline
From point:
C urrent line width is 0 .0000
A rdClose/HalfwidthILengtblUndolWidtbl
- ( 'ro.100)
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pi P
70
p
70
P" PS
m nh 2·4
f finh2-3
2.4. C IRCLE: VO d uilng t ron
'* e ach gQi l¢nh C IRCLE til Menu:
,-----------------~
Screen M enu> D RAW> Circle
M enu B ar > D RAW > C ircle
• G o l~nh til ban prom:
Command: circle
L ¢nh c ircle d~ ve duemg trOll t hee c ae e ach x.ac d inh khac nbau:
• C ho 14m va ban klnh (hinh 2-4):
Command: circle
3P/2P{ITR/: 75,50
Diameter/: 30
• C II. 14m va t I/lllng k lnh: lUang !\f nbu W n.
• Clio 3 tJilm (3P)
Command: circle
3P/2PfTIR/: 3P
First i>int:
Second point:
Third p oint
• C ho 2 tIilu m ul ella ~I tt/lilng klnll (2P)
Command: circle
3P/2P{ITR/: 2P
-
Enter tangent spec:
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75
Radius:
,.I",-,,}"."-",,-'".
2.5. A RC: Vi! cung tron
* O ich gQi l¢nh ARC til'Menu: I
Screen M enu> D RAW> Arc
Menu Bar > DRAW > Arc •
* Go I¢nh til' ban phim:
Command: arc
Vi! cuog tr«)n theo cac each nhtl sau:
. 'Cung tr~n qua 3 d iim (hlnh 2-6) H lnh 2·5
Command: arc
Center/: PO
Center/End/: PO
End point:
- Diim d(iu (Start), tam(Center), d iim cud! (End): Pi
S ,C,E
Command: arc
Center/:
Center/End/: C
Center:
Angle/Length of chord/:
- Diim dau, tlim, g6c om (Include Angle): S, C, A
Command: arc
Center/:
Center/End/: C
Center:
Angle/Length of chord/: A
Include Angle:
- EJiim dau, tam, chie'u dai cung (Length o j chord): S, C, L
Command: arc
Center/: « ho diem P I>
Center/End/: C-
Center: ' « ho tam>
Angle/Length of chord/: L
Length o f chord:
- Diim ddu, d iim cudi, ban ktnh: S, E, R
Command: arc
Center/:
Center/End/: E
End poind:
Angle/Direction/Radius/: R
- •
Center/: : E
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Angle/Direction/Radius/: A
Include Angle:
• Dilm tlDu, d ilm COOl, hU't1ng p hdt min: S, E , D
Command: arc
Center/:
Center/End/: E
E nd poind:
A ngleIDirection/Radius/: D
Direction from start p oint
- Ve c ung tron n6i tiep v6i m Qt duimg dti cho
Giii s u t ruac d o t a d3: v e 1 duemg thAng h ay 1 c ung t ron, trong l¢nh A RC nell t a E NTER
a d ong nhlic da.n t ien thl c ung t ron ve f a se n 6i t iep voi duemg dli co.
V i dl!-: h loh 2-7 (11(1.10)
l ine
Command:
45,50
F rom point:
120,50
To point:
To point: .J
-
arc
Command:
Center/: . J
E nd point: @ liOII e ach gQi l ¢nh P OLYGON til M enu:
~-------------.
S creen M enu>DRAW >Polygon
Menu Bar > DRAW >Polygon
20
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•Simpo PDFban phim:
Command: polygon
Number o f side< ... >:
E dge/:
L¢nh Polygon de ve da giac d~u bang cac cach sau:
+ N eu cho tam P , ACAD nhac n ha tiep:
Incribed in circle/Circums cribed abaut circle< ... >: Donut
• G5 l¢nh tit bim phim:
Command: donut
V i d~: h inh 2 ·9.
Command: donut
Inside diameter< ... >: 25
Outside diameter< ... >: 35
Center of doughnut: 130,110
m nh 2·9
Center of doughnut: .J
2.9. ELLIPSE: Ve . lip
• e ach g9i I~nh E LUPSE t il M enu:
~--~---------,
S creen M enu > D RAW> E llipse .
M enu Bar > DRAW > E llipse
• GO I~nh t il b hn phim:
Comm
nguon tai.lieu . vn
