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  1. oil min phuftfn^ phdip 916119 ^^^ Th6ii9 Im ' Thuf vi^n THS. N G U Y I N TH! KIM LOAN Trudng Cao dang Noi vu Ha Noi •=ti^pg rong nhtfng nam gin day, viec vay ddi mdi phUdng phap giang day cho H dao tao can bd nganh Thdng tin chuyen nganh thdng tin thU vien thufc suf H - Thu vien (TT-TV) dang dugc xa la mdt nhu eau cap thie't hien nay de hdi quan tam. Rat nhieu trudng trong ehiing ta ed the dao tao ra dugc mdt dpi pham vi toan qud'e da va dang md nganh ngu gidi tay nghe. TT-TV. Tuy nhien vdi dae thii la mdt 6 bai vie't nay ehung tdi ehi de cap nganh hpc thien ve eae ky nang nhieu de'n mdt sd phUdng phap da sif dung hdn la tu duy ly luan, viee giang day cac trong qua trinh giang day eae mdn mdn hpc thudc chuyen nganh nay, nhin chuyen nganh TT-TV dat dUde nhifng chung la thie'u suf Idi cud'n va hap dan. hieu qua dang khfch le. Muc dfeh la trao Nhifng van de ly thuyet thu vien hpc ddi, chia se kinh nghiem ddng thdi cung thudng khdng ed tfnh triu tupng hay lang mudn tham khao them y kie'n eua ddng man, bay bdng. Phan Idn ehi la cac kie'n nghiep de ed the hoan thien hdn he thifc khd khan thien ve cae quy djnh va phUdng phap eho viec giang day chuyen eae quy Ude ciia nganh. Qua khao sat sd nganh TT-TV. bd, tren pham vi toan qud'c hien dang cd gin 20 trudng dao tao chuyen nganh I. Mot so nguyen tac nham doi mdi nay thi tuyet dai da sd cac giang vien sir phUdng phap giang day dung phd bie'n nhat phUdng phap thuyet De viec ddi mdi phUdng phap giang trinh ke't hpp vdi trao ddi va hudng din day eho ed hieu qua can phairtuan thii thufc hanh. Tuy nhien rat nhieu ed sd dao mdt sd djnh hudng mang tfnh nguyen tie tao mdi md chuyen nganh nay thi viee sau day: cho hpe sinh thufc hanh edn rat han che vl khdng cd cac edng cu nghiep vu, do 1. Tao bau khdng khf than thien va dd viep giang day chi dimg d mifc day ly vui ve thuyet bang phUdng phap thuyet trinh, De hpe sinh yeu thfch mdn hpe, giang eho hpe sinh lam bai tap gia djnh bang vien phai tao dugc khdng khi thoai mai, eae vidu ma giang vien nghTra. Vdi each vui ve va nhe nhang, tranh gay cho sinh giang day nhu vay, hpe vien thudng vien suf cang thing va met mdi; Ne'u cd khdng hieu rd each lam thufc te va nhin the, hay bie'n gid hpe thanh mdt budi vui ehung khdng mang lai hieu qua. Nhtfng chdi tap the de sinh vien khdng cam thay gid giang ly thuyet khd khan eung lam bj hpe ma dang dupe hpe. Tdi da timg eho sinh vien mdi met va chan ngan. VI tham gia nhieu khoa hpe do eac chuyen 18
  2. gia ngudi My, Canada va Oc giang day va eac giang vien nay rat gidi trong viee tao b l u khdng khi vui ve thoai mai, ma hp gpi la "warming up". VI vay nhieu khi hpc vien cam giac nhu thdi gian trdi di qua nhanh, va budi hpc da ket thue trong sU tiec nudi eiia hpc vien. 2. Phat huy cao nhai tinh ehu ddng eua sinh vien Khi sinh vien ehii ddng trong hpe tap se tranh dugc nhifng mdi met, se hifng thu hdn va thay thdi gian trdi di nhanh Anh minh hoa hdn. Viec ehii ddng hpe eung giup cho Anh: VP sinh vien sang tao, chju khd dao sau suy nghT. Do dd, ea bai giang lan bai tap eIn vien thufc hien de cimg cd mdt so ky phai thie't ke sao eho ed sU tham gia nang nghiep vu nhat djnh. Thdng thudng nhieu nhat ciia sinh vien mdt each chii bai tap ra theo dang tU d i de'n khd, tU ddng. ddn gian de'n phifc tap, tU viec sif dung mdt quy tac ddn le den viee ke't hpp 3. Thay dd'i hoat ddng, thay ddi nhieu quy t i e vdi nhau de giai quyet bai each tiep can van de de tranh su tap. Tat ea eac dang bai tap dupe ra dudi nham chan dang: Cho eae dtf kien, sinh vien diing Nhu tren da ndi viee day va hpe eae eac kie'n thifc ly thuyet da hpe de tao ra kie'n thifc chuyen nganh TT-TV nhin mdt sd san pham eiia quy trinh xif ly chung la khd khan va thieu suf hap d i n , nghiep vu, dd ehinh la bai tap thdng do dd khi giang day phai ludn thay ddi thudng, hay bai tap thuan. each tie'p can va tao ra nhieu hoat ddng Vi du: khac nhau de sinh vien khdng nham chan. Cho mdt trang ten sach, md ta cudn sach dd theo quy t i c md ta qud'c te Nhtfng nguyen t i e tren day eIn dupe (ISBD) tuan thii khi thie't ke mdt bai giang thi chac chan se tao dupc hifng thu cho hpe hoac: sinh. De thay ro eae nguyen t i e nay van Cho mdt cud'n sach cu the hay djnh ky hanh eu the ra sao chiing tdi xin gidi hieu phan loai cho cud'n sach dd theo thieu mdt sd phUdng phap, hay edn gpi khung phan loai DDC la thu thuat de tang hieu qua bai giang. Cho mdt cud'n sach cu the, hay djnh II. Mot so' phudng phap lam viec chii de, hoac tU khoa cho cud'n sach dd. tang hieu qua bai giang Vdi nhtfng bai tap dang nay sinh vien 1. Xay dung eae bai tap nguoc se phai tao ra eae san pham eu the nhu ban md ta, ky hieu phan loai, ehii de hay Bai tap thufc hanh la mpt bien phap tu khoa... dd la eae san pham ma sau quan trpng de eiing cd ly thuyet eae mdn hpc. Vdi cae mon chuyen nganh TT-TV nay hp phai tao ra khi lam viee trong day thi bai tap cang ed vai trd quan trpng hdn chuyen xif ly nghiep vu thU vien. ntfa. Bai tap thudng dupe ra eho sinh Loai bai tap thufc hanh nhu vay chiing Tap chf THU VIEN VIET N A M (19) 19
  3. tdi tam dat eho ten gpi la bai tap thuan vl ngupc la: Cho mdt ban md ta theo quy nd dupe xif ly theo mdt trinh tuf thuan tU t i e ISBD, yeu e l u sinh vien thiet ke mdt dieu kien de'n ke't qua. trang ten sach theo ban md ta dd. Nhirng bai tap dang nay thudng giup Bai tap ngUpe se ket hpp mdt each cho sinh vien eiing cd nhifng kie'n thife ly hieu qua dugc hai nguyen t i e : Phat huy thuyet da hpe va giiip hp hieu sau hdn, tfnh chii ddng, sang tao ciia sinh vien va cu the va ehi tie't hdn ly thuyet da hpe. thay ddi each tiep can va eac hoat ddng Bdi vi mdt trong nhifng dac diem ciia de tranh suf nham chan. mdn hpc chuyen nganh thu vien la thufc 2. Xay dung eae trd choi nghiep vu te thudng da dang va phong phii hdn rat nhieu so vdi p h i n ly thuyet ma nganh Trd chdi nghiep vu la dang trd chdi hpe da diie riit ra. Tuy nhien de tuan thii dupe thie't ke tren nhtfng cuf lieu eiia mdn nguyen tac ludn thay doi hoat ddng de hpc. Dang trd chdi nay ed the dupe the tranh nham chan thi eIn phai thay ddi hien d nhieu hinh thufc da dang va phong dang bai tap; dang thay ddi hifu hieu phu; ed the chdi theo nhdm, theo cae dpi nhat la dang bai tap ngupc. Bai tap chdi hoac chdi ea nhan; Trd chdi nghiep ngupc la dang bai tap ma ngudi thufc vu cd the diing dang eac cau hdi, trd xep hien nd se di theo quy trinh ngUpe lai la chtf, doan d chtf hoac dudi nhieu hinh tu ke't qua de'n dieu kien. thife khae; ngudi chdi se van dung eac kie'n thufc ly thuyet va thuc hanh de chdi Bai tap ngUde dUde the hien d hai eac trd chdi dd. dang: Suf dung Trd chdi nghiep vu trong - Mgt la, eho mdt san pham sai, yeu giang day se ed nhtfng Uu diem sau day: cau hpe sinh nhan xet xem san pham dd sai nhu the nao, d dau? Dang bai tap - Ket hpp dugc ca ba nguyen t i e da nay se giup sinh vien khdng ehi phai neu d mue I; hieu ly thuyet sau ma edn phai nam vtfng - Cd the kiem tra kie'n thife eiia sinh quy trinh xuf ly va tao ra san pham dd. vien trong dien rdng, khdng phai chi Vl du: Ne'u bai tap thuan la eho mdt trong mdt bai giang; cud'n sach, yeu e l u sinh vien md ta cudn - Giup eho sinh vien van dung mdt sach dd theo quy t i e ISBD, thi bai tap each nhuin nhuyin cae kie'n thifc da hpe ngUpe dang 1 nay la cho mdt ban md ta ea ly thuyet l l n thUe hanh, phan ifng ISBD ciia cud'n sach nay, yeu e l u sinh nhanh nhay; Tang tinh chu ddng, tuf tin vien phat hien nhifng sai sdt trong ban cho sinh vien; md ta dd. De chdi trd chdi nghiep vu ed hieu - Hai la, eho mdt san pham, khdi phuc qua, can phai thie't ke eae trd chdi phii lai dieu kien c i n va dii de tao ra san hpp vdi trinh dp ciia ngudi chdi; nen phat pham dd. Dang bai tap nay phat huy eao trien tu d i den khd; Nen thie't ke eae trd tinh sang tao, kha nang tu duy triu tupng choi tren cU lieu eiia nhieu p h i n trong eiia sinh vien. Cimg ed nhung kie'n thUe ChUdng trinh. VI vay tro chdi nghiep vu quan trpng trong quy trinh xuf ly nghiep thudng dupe suf dung de tao khdng khf vu. vui ve, khi can on tap lai mdt ehUdng Vf du: Ne'u bai tap thuan la cho mpt hoac mpt sd chuong da hpc trong cud'n sach, yeu c l u hpc sinh md ta cud'n chUdng trinh cua mon hpc. Tro chdi sach dd theo quy t i e ISBD, thi bai tap nghiep vu eung cd the dupc md rpng cho 20
  4. cae hoat ddng ngoai khoa khi td ehife tdng sd diem; Phin thi nghiep vu se do eac budi giao luu giifa eae Idp trong khoa giang vien danh gia. Khi kiem tra theo hoac gitfa sinh vien eac trUdng eung hinh thife nay mdi nhdm se chpn eho chuyen nganh dao tao, trong trUdng hpp minh mdt ten gpi an tUdng, gidi thieu ve nay trd chdi nghiep vu dugc thiet ke tren nhdm; sau dd mdi den phin thi nghiep eir lieu khdng phai chi eiia mdt mdn ma vu chfnh thifc. eua nhieu mdn hpe chuyen nganh. Kiem tra theo nhdm se giup sinh vien 3. Hge theo nhdm phat huy eao dp tfnh sang tao, ky nang thuyet trinh trUde dam ddng, ky nang td 3.1 Lam bai thuc hanh theo nhdm chirc va tinh t h i n doan ke't hd trd ddng Khi giang day mdt so mdn chuyen dpi. Giang vien cd the cho diem ddng nganh TT-TV thi viee thue hanh ddng vai deu theo nhdm hoac phan biet theo trd he't sife quan trpng. Mdt sd mdn hpe ddng gdp eua eae thanh vien bang mdt cho phep tie'n hanh thufc hanh theo tUng sd tieu ehf thudng va phat eu the. ea nhan nhu mdn phan loai tai lieu, tdm tat, ehu giai tai lieu, tin hpc hoa, djnh chii 3.3 Thuyet trinh theo nhdm de, tu khoa tai lieu. NhUng mdt sd mdn Thuyet trinh theo nhdm la dang bai khac nhu: LUu trif thdng tin va bd may tra tap dac biet trong dd giang vien se giao eifu; thu mue hpe; tra eifu thdng tin... cho mdi nhdm mdt de tai cu the nam ne'u lam bai thufc hanh ea nhan thi ke't trong ehUdng trinh hpe hoac eIn md qua se rat kem, vl trong mdt khoang thdi rdng chuong trinh hpe, yeu e l u sinh vien gian han hep, mdt ea nhan khdng the vie't bai thuyet trinh va sau dd thuyet hoan thanh mdt san pham Idn nhU mdt trinh theo nhdm ve de tai dd trong mdt mue lue, hay mdt ban thu mue, vl the c i n khoang thdi gian quy djnh; PhUdng phap phai thiet ke eac bai tap thufc hanh theo nay se giup ciing cd phdi hdp nhieu ky nhdm. nang eua sinh vien: Trong bai thUe hanh dang nay, mdi - Tang eudng tfnh sang tao: De bai nhdm phai hoan thanh mdt san pham thuyet trinh dupe hay va hap d i n , sinh hoan ehinh nhu xay dUng mdt mue lue vien phai thie't ke phin thuyet trinh eua chtf cai, hay muc lue phan loai; hoac nhdm minh that an tupng, bang each bien soan mdt ban thu muc; Do dd tien dan xen vao cae kie'n thirc cd ban nhtfng hanh thufc hanh theo nhdm se phat huy vf du minh hoa sinh ddng va vui lien dupe tfnh tich cufc ciia cac thanh vien, quan de'n de tai ma minh nghien eifu; De mdi ngudi chju trach nhiem mdt khau viet dupe mdt bai thuyet trinh sau sac, trong quy trinh thuc hanh tao ra san ddi hdi sinh vien ben canh viee dpc tai pham. lieu va nghien eifu van de ty my cdn phai 3.2 Thi kiim tra theo nhdm bie't each vie't sao eho logic, khue chiet, ngan gpn, sang sua. Kiem tra theo nhdm la mdt hinh thufc kiem tra dudi dang mdt eude thi gitfa cae - Cimg cd nhieu ky nang khae nhau nhdm; Bai kiem tra thudng gdm hai nhu ky nang ndi trude dam ddng; ky phin: Phin chao hdi va phin kien thifc nang viet; dac biet la ky nang td chire. nghiep vu. De eho khong khf budi kiem Bdi vl de td chifc mdt budi thuyet trinh tra vui ve va thoai mai, phin chao hdi sinh vien phai biet phdi hdp vdi nhau sao thudng do ban giam khao quIn chiing cho hieu qua nhat, do dd phai ed d i u de danh gia, phin nay tdi da chi chie'm 20% td chifc thi mdi dat dupe ke't qua. Tap chf THU VIEN VIET N A M 3 ( 1 9 ) 21
  5. - Tao dupe khdng khf vui tUdi, tre Thie't ke eae trd chdi nghiep vu ddi hdi trung dung vdi lira tudi eua sinh vien; Khi giang vien phai phdi hpp dupe kie'n thife thuiyet trinh ed the ke't hpp nhieu kien ciia nhieu phin, nhieu mdn hpc sao cho thife phu trp hoac dan xen vao eae phin logic, hpp ly, nhung v i n phai tao ra suf van nghe nhUve, thd, nhac nen, ea hat... bat ngd va vui de trd chdi gay himg thii; nen thay ddi cac hinh thUc trd chdi de Nhin ehung viee hpe theo nhdm se ke't giup sinh vien tie'p can vdi mdn hpc d hpp dupe ea 3 nguyen t i e da neu d mue nhieu khfa canh: tU ehi tie't de'n tdng quat I mdt each nhuIn nhuyin, tao eho Idp hay ngUpe lai tU tdng quat de'n ehi tiet. hpe mdt khdng khf vui ve, sdi ndi, thi dua lanh manh va doan ke't. Tang eUdng tinh Cae bai tap thue hanh theo nhdm yeu ehu ddng, sang tao eua sinh vien va e l u giang vien phai mudng tUdng dupe cimg cd phdi hpp nhieu ky nang mem toan bd qua trinh d i i n ra cae hoat ddng ben canh eae ky nang ve nghiep vu; dd, de phd bien, hudng d i n sinh vien each phdi hdp; Phai dUa ra mdt thang Tuy nhien de viee thuyet trinh nhdm diem eu the de danh gia cho ehinh xae dat dugc hieu qua, giang vien phai ludn va hpp ly; Phai cd ky nang tUvan, gpi md theo sat qua trinh ehuan bj, tUvan dung de tang cUdng suf sang tao eiia sinh vien. lue de eac nhdm lam viec theo mdt djnh Tdm lai, ddi mdi phuong phap giang hudng ehung hUdng den mue dich cudi day theo hUdng ehii ddng hoa, tutin hoa ciing. va sang tao hoa cae hoat ddng hpe eiia C i n chu y khae phue sUy lai ciia mdt sinh vien nganh TT-TV la mdt yeu elu sd thanh vien khi xay dung each danh cap thie't. Nhifng phUdng phap chiing tdi gia ke't qua sao cho cd sU phan biet gitfa trinh bay tren day da dupe ufng dung de eae thanh vien tich cufc va thanh vien day eae mdn chuyen nganh kha "khd ehUa tich cue. khan" nhU: Phan loai tai lieu, LUu trif thdng tin va bd may tra eifu, thu muc III. Yeu cau do'i vdi giang vien khi hpe, tra eifu thdng tin, tdm tat, ehu giai, doi mdi phUdng phap giang day tdng quan... tai eae TrUdng Cao dang Khi tien hanh ddi mdi phUdng phap Ndi vu va mdt sd trUdng Cao dang, dai giang day, dae biet la ifng dung eac hpe khae ed day chuyen nganh TT-TV phUdng phap neu tren, giang vien eung va ket qua rat kha quan. Tuyet dai da sd phai tuf ddi mdi phUdng phap tu duy va sinh vien rat hifng thu tham gia va td rd tiep can vdi bai giang ciia minh. De thie't suf sang tao, tfnh ehii ddng, tinh t h i n ke cac bai tap ngUpc ddi hdi giang vien doan ket va canh tranh lanh manh khi phai ludn tim tdi trong thUe te de ed the thufc hien eae bai tap dudi hinh thifc la cd dupc nhimg bai tap thuc sur htru ich eae trd chdi nghiep vu, cae bai tap nhdm; dd'i vdi sinh vien. Viee phat hien nhtfng Cac em eung hifng thu vdi cac bai tap sai sdt trong quy trinh xir ly nghiep vu de ngupe va thudng ehii ddng giao nop cae tao ra eae bai tap ngUpc ddi hdi giang san pham va dieu dd cung dem lai himg vien phai ludn di sat vdi thuc te, khao sat thu eho giang vien. cae san pham TT-TV trong va ngoai nude. Mat khae de tao ra eae bai tap ngUpe dang thif hai ddi hdi giang vien TAI LIEU THAM KHAO phai lufa chpn nhifng san pham dae trung 1. Ho Thieu Hung. Doi mdi phuang de mUdng tUpng lai eac dieu kien tao ra phap giang day: "Giao vien bi nhieu rang san pham dd. bugc qL/a7/http://www.tuoitre.com.vn 22
  6. 2. Tran Thj Lan. Doi mdi phuang phap nhdng gid hgc vui trong giang day Tieng giang day tUly thuyet de'n thuc te'/IKy yeu Nhatl/Ky yeu Hpi thao khoa hpc ve ddi mdi phuong phap giang day tai TrUdng Hpi thao khoa hpc ve ddi mdi phUdng Dai hpc Khoa hpc xa hdi va Nhan van. phap giang day tai trUdng Dai hpc Khoa Oai hpc Qudc gia Ha Ndi, 2009. hpc xa hpi va Nhan van. Oai hpc Qudc gia Ha Npi, 2009. 4. N g u y i n Van Chinh. Dam bao chat lugng giang dayl/Jap chi Nghien cUu 3. Tran Thj Chung Toan. Hudng tdi Giao due, 2 0 0 9 . - S d l . Trong nhifng nam gan day, nhieu In the recent years, a number of univer- trudng dai hpc, cao d i n g trong ca nUdc sities and colleges in Vietnam started mdi md chuyen nganh thU vien-thong tin. offering library and information science Tuy nhien vi day la mpt nganh khoa hpc education programs. However, this is a chii yeu thien ve thufc hanh va kha kho khan nen mudn gay dupc hifng thu hpc majorily practical and boring field of study tap cho sinh vien thi ngudi giang vien can so lecturers must enhance their teaching phai c6 sU ddi mdi trong phUdng phap methods in order to stimulate students. giang day. Tac gia bai viet gidi thieu mpt The author introducces some ways to sd phUdng phap lam tang hieu qua bai improve the effectiveness of the lecture, giang - dupc ifng dung giang day d trudng Cao dang Npi vu va mpt sd it trUdng dai which have been applied at the College of hpc va cao dang trong ca nudc da dem lai Home Affairs and some other higher edu- ke't qua dang khich le nhU: Xay dUng cac cation institutions, and approved to be rel- bai tap ngupc, cac tro chdi nghiep vu, evant such as opposite exercises, profes- hudng dan each thUc hanh va lam viec sional games, practice instructions, group theo nhom... vdi mong mudn dUdc trao works, etc. The author would like to share ddi, chia se kinh nghiem cung nhu tham khao y kien tU phfa cac dong nghiep de c6 these experiences and call for ideas from the hoan thien hdn he phUdng phap cho other colleagues in order to further viec giang day chuyen nganh thong tin-thU improve teaching activities in the library vien. Dong thdi tac gia cung nha'n manh and information field. In addition, the mpt sd djnh hudng mang tfnh nguyen tac author emphsizes some critical orienta- can thie't khi ddi mdi phuong phap giang tions when renovating teaching methods day nham tao ra khong khi vui ve cho sinh vien, phat huy cao do tinh chii dpng sang so as to create an open learning environ- tao d sinh vien va tranh sU nham chan ment for students to be active and avoid trong qua trinh tie'p thu bai hpc ciia sinh boredom during teaching and learning vien. process. Tap C f THU VIEN VIET N A M 1(19) h 23
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