Automating Manufacturing Systems

page 0 ST1 A C * B ST3 FS = first scan T1 = ST2 × A T2 = ST1 × B T1 T3 B T2 T4 ST2 C + B T3 = ST3 × (C × B) T4 = ST2 × (C + B) ST1 = (ST1 + T1) × T2 + FS ST2 = (ST2 + T2 + T3) × T1 × T4 ST3 = (ST3 + T4 × T1) × T3 ST2 A T1 STAutomating Manufacturing Systems T2 ST3 C B with PLCs T3 ST2 C T4 B T2 (Version 4.7, April 14, 2005) ST1 T1 first scan T1 T4 ST2 ST2 Hugh Jack T2 T3 T3 ST3 ST3 T4 T1 page 0 Copyright (c) 1993-2005 Hugh Jack (jackh@gvsu.edu). Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". This document is provided as-is with no warranty, implied or otherwise. There have been attempts to eliminate errors from this document, but there is no doubt that errors remain. As a result, the author does not assume any responsibility for errors and omissions, or damages resulting from the use of the information pro-vided. Additional materials and updates for this work will be available at http://clay-more.engineer.gvsu.edu/~jackh/books.html page i 1.1 TODO LIST 1.4 2. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.1 2.1.1 Ladder Logic 2.1 2.1.2 Programming 2.6 2.1.3 PLC Connections 2.10 2.1.4 Ladder Logic Inputs 2.11 2.1.5 Ladder Logic Outputs 2.12 2.2 A CASE STUDY 2.13 2.3 SUMMARY 2.14 2.4 PRACTICE PROBLEMS 2.15 2.5 PRACTICE PROBLEM SOLUTIONS 2.15 2.6 ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS 2.16 3. PLC HARDWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.1 3.2 INPUTS AND OUTPUTS 3.2 3.2.1 Inputs 3.3 3.2.2 Output Modules 3.7 3.3 RELAYS 3.13 3.4 A CASE STUDY 3.14 3.5 ELECTRICAL WIRING DIAGRAMS 3.15 3.5.1 JIC Wiring Symbols 3.17 3.6 SUMMARY 3.21 3.7 PRACTICE PROBLEMS 3.21 3.8 PRACTICE PROBLEM SOLUTIONS 3.24 3.9 ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS 3.27 4. LOGICAL SENSORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.1 4.2 SENSOR WIRING 4.1 4.2.1 Switches 4.2 4.2.2 Transistor Transistor Logic (TTL) 4.3 4.2.3 Sinking/Sourcing 4.3 4.2.4 Solid State Relays 4.10 4.3 PRESENCE DETECTION 4.11 4.3.1 Contact Switches 4.11 4.3.2 Reed Switches 4.11 4.3.3 Optical (Photoelectric) Sensors 4.12 4.3.4 Capacitive Sensors 4.19 4.3.5 Inductive Sensors 4.23 4.3.6 Ultrasonic 4.25 4.3.7 Hall Effect 4.25 page ii 4.3.8 Fluid Flow 4.26 4.4 SUMMARY 4.26 4.5 PRACTICE PROBLEMS 4.27 4.6 PRACTICE PROBLEM SOLUTIONS 4.30 4.7 ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS 4.36 5. LOGICAL ACTUATORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5.1 5.2 SOLENOIDS 5.1 5.3 VALVES 5.2 5.4 CYLINDERS 5.4 5.5 HYDRAULICS 5.6 5.6 PNEUMATICS 5.8 5.7 MOTORS 5.9 5.8 COMPUTERS 5.10 5.9 OTHERS 5.10 5.10 SUMMARY 5.10 5.11 PRACTICE PROBLEMS 5.11 5.12 PRACTICE PROBLEM SOLUTIONS 5.11 5.13 ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS 5.12 6. BOOLEAN LOGIC DESIGN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6.1 6.2 BOOLEAN ALGEBRA 6.1 6.3 LOGIC DESIGN 6.6 6.3.1 Boolean Algebra Techniques 6.13 6.4 COMMON LOGIC FORMS 6.14 6.4.1 Complex Gate Forms 6.14 6.4.2 Multiplexers 6.15 6.5 SIMPLE DESIGN CASES 6.17 6.5.1 Basic Logic Functions 6.17 6.5.2 Car Safety System 6.18 6.5.3 Motor Forward/Reverse 6.18 6.5.4 A Burglar Alarm 6.19 6.6 SUMMARY 6.23 6.7 PRACTICE PROBLEMS 6.24 6.8 PRACTICE PROBLEM SOLUTIONS 6.27 6.9 ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS 6.37 7. KARNAUGH MAPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7.1 7.2 SUMMARY 7.4 7.3 PRACTICE PROBLEMS 7.5 page iii 7.4 PRACTICE PROBLEM SOLUTIONS 7.11 7.5 ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS 7.17 8. PLC OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8.1 8.2 OPERATION SEQUENCE 8.3 8.2.1 The Input and Output Scans 8.4 8.2.2 The Logic Scan 8.4 8.3 PLC STATUS 8.6 8.4 MEMORY TYPES 8.6 8.5 SOFTWARE BASED PLCS 8.7 8.6 SUMMARY 8.7 8.7 PRACTICE PROBLEMS 8.8 8.8 PRACTICE PROBLEM SOLUTIONS 8.8 8.9 ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS 8.9 9. LATCHES, TIMERS, COUNTERS AND MORE . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 9.1 INTRODUCTION 9.1 9.2 LATCHES 9.2 9.3 TIMERS 9.6 9.4 COUNTERS 9.14 9.5 MASTER CONTROL RELAYS (MCRs) 9.17 9.6 INTERNAL RELAYS 9.19 9.7 DESIGN CASES 9.20 9.7.1 Basic Counters And Timers 9.20 9.7.2 More Timers And Counters 9.21 9.7.3 Deadman Switch 9.22 9.7.4 Conveyor 9.23 9.7.5 Accept/Reject Sorting 9.24 9.7.6 Shear Press 9.26 9.8 SUMMARY 9.27 9.9 PRACTICE PROBLEMS 9.28 9.10 PRACTICE PROBLEM SOLUTIONS 9.32 9.11 ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS 9.43 10. STRUCTURED LOGIC DESIGN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1 10.1 INTRODUCTION 10.1 10.2 PROCESS SEQUENCE BITS 10.2 10.3 TIMING DIAGRAMS 10.6 10.4 DESIGN CASES 10.9 10.5 SUMMARY 10.9 10.6 PRACTICE PROBLEMS 10.9 10.7 PRACTICE PROBLEM SOLUTIONS 10.10 ... - tailieumienphi.vn