A Cochrane Pocketbook: Pregnancy and Childbirth

A Cochrane Pocketbook: Pregnancy and Childbirth A Cochrane Pocketbook: Pregnancy and Childbirth G.J. Hofmeyr et al. Copyright © 2008, Z. Alfiervic, C. A. Crowther, L. Duley, A. M. Gulmezoglu, G. ML. Gyte , E. D. Hodnett, G. J. Hofmeyr, J. P. Neilson. ISBN: 978-0-470-51845-8 A Cochrane Pocketbook: Pregnancy and Childbirth G Justus Hofmeyr James P Neilson Zarko Alfi revic Caroline A Crowther A Metin Gülmezoglu Ellen D Hodnett Gillian ML Gyte Lelia Duley Copyright © Z. Alfiervic, C. A. Crowther, L. Duley, A. M. Gulmezoglu, G. ML. Gyte, E. D. Hodnett, G. J. Hofmeyr, J. P. Neilson This work is a co-publication between The Cochrane Collaboration and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England Telephone (144) 1243 779777 Email (for orders and customer service enquiries): cs-books@wiley.co.uk Visit our Home Page on www.wiley.com All Rights Reserved. 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If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Other Wiley Editorial Offi ces John Wiley & Sons Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA Jossey-Bass, 989 Market Street, San Francisco, CA 94103-1741, USA Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Boschstr. 12, D-69469, Weinheim , Germany John Wiley & Sons Australia Ltd, 42 McDougall Street, Milton, Queensland 4064, Australia John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd, 2 Clementi Loop #02-01, Jin Xing Distripark, Singapore 129809 John Wiley & Sons Canada Ltd, 6045 Freemont Blvd, Mississauga Ontario, L5R 4J3, Canada Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A Cochrane pocketbook. Pregnancy and childbirth / G. Justus Hofmeyr ... [et al.]. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-470-51845-8 (alk. paper) 1. Maternal health services--Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Pregnancy--Handbooks, manuals, etc. 3. Pregnancy--Complications--Handbooks, manuals, etc. 4. Childbirth--Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Hofmeyr, G. Justus. II. Title: Pregnancy & childbirth. [DNLM: 1. Pregnancy--Handbooks. 2. Maternal Health Services--methods--Handbooks. 3. Parturition--Handbooks. 4. Pregnancy Complications--Handbooks. WQ 39 C668 2008] RG940.C58 2008 362.198’2--dc22 2007050501 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-0-470-51845-8 Typeset in 10/13 pt Optima by Thomson Digital Printed and bound in Great Britain by T.J. International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall. Contents Foreword xi Preface xiii How to use this book xv What is evidence? xv The Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group xvi Scope of this book xvii Methods for the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group reviews xvii Abridgement of the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth abstracts in this book xviii Systematic review protocols xviii Effectiveness icons xix How to locate the original review xix A brief guide to the format of results in Cochrane reviews xxi Acknowledgements xxv Authors xxvii Chapter 1. The Context of Care for Pregnant Women 1 Chapter 2. Antenatal Care 7 2.1 Pre-pregnancy evaluation 7 2.2 General antenatal care 7 2.3 Behaviour/advice during pregnancy 13 2.3.1 Alcohol in pregnancy; Drug misuse 17 2.3.2 Smoking 20 CONTENTS ■v 2.3.3 Work and physical activity 21 2.4 Nutrition during pregnancy 22 2.4.1 Pre/periconceptional nutrition 22 2.4.2 Energy/protein intake 23 2.4.3 Vitamins/minerals 25 2.5 Weight gain in pregnancy 33 2.6 Symptoms during pregnancy 33 2.7 Use of medicines during pregnancy 40 2.8 Miscarriage 41 2.8.1 Prevention 42 2.8.2 Treatment of threatened miscarriage 49 2.8.3 Treatment of miscarriage 50 Chapter 3. Medical Problems During Pregnancy 55 3.1 Hypertension during pregnancy 55 3.1.1 Preventing hypertensive disorders 55 3.1.2 Detection of hypertensive disorders 69 3.1.3 Treatment of mild/moderate hypertension 70 3.1.4 Treatment of severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia 76 3.2 Anaemia during pregnancy 85 3.2.1 Prevention of anaemia 86 3.2.2 Treatment of anaemia 87 3.3 Diabetes mellitus 89 3.4 Thrombocytopenia 94 3.5 Inherited coagulation defects 95 3.6 Thrombophilias 95 3.7 Haemoglobinopathies 97 3.8 Thromboembolic disease 97 3.9 Myasthenia Gravis 98 3.10 Cardiac disease 98 3.11 Renal disease 99 3.12 Epilepsy 99 3.13 Human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) 101 3.14 Other viral infections 114 3.15 Malaria 114 3.16 Other infections 118 3.17 Respiratory illness 119 3.18 Liver disease 119 3.19 Thyroid disease 120 vi ■CONTENTS ... - tailieumienphi.vn